1 #+date: 2023-05-14 20:32:00 +0800
2 #+opengraph2: ogimage="https://indieweb.org/File:indiewebcamp-logo-lockup-color@3x.png
3 #+filetags: indieweb blogging open_web
4 #+title: Implementing Webmention on my blog
6 Following on from my last [[Bring_Back_Blogging][post on joining the indieweb]]...
8 Back in February, I implemented Webmentions on my website. I took a roll-my-own approach, borrowing from [[http://superkuh.com/blog/2020-01-10-1.html][an idea by superkuh]]. It's a semi-automated solution which listens for webmentions using nginx. When (if) one is received, an email is generated that tells me about this, allowing me to validate it's a genuine comment.
10 Technically, nginx logs the body of POST requests in its logfile.
12 In the main configuration file `/etc/nginx/nginx.conf`, I've added
15 # Defined for Webmention logging support of www.vanrenterghem.biz
16 log_format postdata '$time_local,$remote_addr,"$http_user_agent",$request_body';
19 In the configuration for www.vanrenterghem.biz, the following lines enable logging webmention requests:
22 # use proxying to self to get the HTTP post variables.
23 # https://stackoverflow.com/questions/4939382/logging-post-data-from-request-body
24 location = /webmention {
25 limit_req zone=webmention;
26 client_max_body_size 7k;
27 if ($request_method = POST) {
28 access_log /var/log/nginx/postdata.log postdata;
29 proxy_pass $scheme://www.vanrenterghem.biz/logsink;
32 return 204 $scheme://$host/serviceup.html;
36 # use 204 instead of 200 so no 0 byte file is sent to browsers from HTTP forms.
41 Before the `server` section in there, I'm reducing the risk of abuse by rate limiting requests:
44 limit_req_zone $server_name zone=webmention:1m rate=2r/s;
47 The logfile is being monitored by a service calling a shell script:
51 # Service starts on boot in /etc/systemd/system/webmention.service
53 WEBMENTION_LOG=/var/log/nginx/postdata.log
54 inotifywait -s -m $WEBMENTION_LOG --format "%e %w%f" --event modify|
58 logger "Webmention received"
59 tail -n1 $WEBMENTION_LOG | /usr/bin/mail -a'From: niihau webmention service <webmaster@email.address>' -s 'Webmention received' $TO
63 This uses `inotifywait`, which is part of [[https://github.com/inotify-tools/inotify-tools][inotify-tools]]. Unfortunately, `logrotate` will remove the log file on a regular basis, which is done in 3 steps. The first 2 steps results in a MODIFY event, before a DELETE event is created. That results in 2 emails being sent every time logs are rotated if using the above script. I've not tried to ignore these yet - checking for `logrotate` running at the time an event is triggered could be a solution.
65 The systemd service is defined in `/etc/systemd/system/webmention.service`:
69 Description=Service to monitor nginx log for webmentions
70 After=multi-user.target
73 ExecStart=/root/webmention_service.sh
76 WantedBy=multi-user.target
79 Announcing I'm accepting webmentions is as simple as putting the endpoint in the header of the blog:
82 <link rel="webmention" href="https://www.vanrenterghem.biz/webmention">
85 Clearly federating conversation as the final level of joining the indieweb is quite a bit more complicated than achieving 'level 2' status on [[https://indiewebify.me/][indiewebify.me]].