X-Git-Url: http://git.vanrenterghem.biz/git.ikiwiki.info.git/blobdiff_plain/d4f787ef528d9947473b4b99d1088b647d615200..cdae4fe6ecd5f1d18f6deb62166ea7cbec6ba3a9:/doc/plugins/po.mdwn?ds=sidebyside diff --git a/doc/plugins/po.mdwn b/doc/plugins/po.mdwn index 06ecedc24..b7c1582ca 100644 --- a/doc/plugins/po.mdwn +++ b/doc/plugins/po.mdwn @@ -5,6 +5,10 @@ This plugin adds support for multi-lingual wikis, translated with gettext, using [po4a](http://po4a.alioth.debian.org/). It depends on the Perl `Locale::Po4a::Po` library (`apt-get install po4a`). +As detailed bellow in the security section, `po4a` is subject to +denial-of-service attacks before version 0.35. + +[[!toc levels=2]] Introduction ============ @@ -12,9 +16,9 @@ Introduction A language is chosen as the "master" one, and any other supported language is a "slave" one. -A page written in the "master" language is a "master" page, and is -written in any supported format but PO. It does not have to be named -a special way: migration from/to this plugin does not imply heavy +A page written in the "master" language is a "master" page. It can be +of any page type supported by ikiwiki, except `po`. It does not have to be +named a special way: migration to this plugin does not imply any page renaming work. Example: `bla/page.mdwn` is a "master" Markdown page written in @@ -22,29 +26,38 @@ English; if `usedirs` is enabled, it is rendered as `bla/page/index.en.html`, else as `bla/page.en.html`. Any translation of a "master" page into a "slave" language is called -a "slave" page; it is written in the gettext PO format. PO is now +a "slave" page; it is written in the gettext PO format. `po` is now a page type supported by ikiwiki. Example: `bla/page.fr.po` is the PO "message catalog" used to translate `bla/page.mdwn` into French; if `usedirs` is enabled, it is rendered as `bla/page/index.fr.html`, else as `bla/page.fr.html` +(In)Compatibility +================= + +This plugin does not support the `indexpages` mode. If you don't know +what it is, you probably don't care. + Configuration ============= -`po_master_language` is used to set the master language in +Supported languages +------------------- + +`po_master_language` is used to set the "master" language in `ikiwiki.setup`, such as: - po_master_language => { 'code' => 'en', 'name' => 'English' } + po_master_language: en|English `po_slave_languages` is used to set the list of supported "slave" languages, such as: - po_slave_languages => { 'fr' => 'Français', - 'es' => 'Castellano', - 'de' => 'Deutsch', - } + po_slave_languages: + - fr|Français + - es|Español + - de|Deutsch Decide which pages are translatable ----------------------------------- @@ -53,201 +66,195 @@ The `po_translatable_pages` setting configures what pages are translatable. It is a [[ikiwiki/PageSpec]], so you have lots of control over what kind of pages are translatable. -The `*.LL.po` translations files are anyway not considered as being -translatable, so you don't need to worry about excluding them manually -from this [[ikiwiki/PageSpec]]. +The `.po` files are not considered as being translatable, so you don't need to +worry about excluding them explicitly from this [[ikiwiki/PageSpec]]. Internal links -------------- -One can use the `po_link_to_` option in `ikiwiki.setup` to choose how +### Links targets + +The `po_link_to` option in `ikiwiki.setup` is used to decide how internal links should be generated, depending on web server features and site-specific preferences. -### Default linking behavior +#### Default linking behavior If `po_link_to` is unset, or set to `default`, ikiwiki's default -linking behavior is preserved: `\[[page]]` links to the master +linking behavior is preserved: `\[[destpage]]` links to the master language's page. -### Link to negotiated language +#### Link to current language + +If `po_link_to` is set to `current`, `\[[destpage]]` links to the +`destpage`'s version written in the current page's language, if +available, *i.e.*: + +* `foo/destpage/index.LL.html` if `usedirs` is enabled +* `foo/destpage.LL.html` if `usedirs` is disabled + +#### Link to negotiated language If `po_link_to` is set to `negotiated`, `\[[page]]` links to the negotiated preferred language, *i.e.* `foo/page/`. (In)compatibility notes: -- `po_link_to => negotiated` provides no useful behavior if `usedirs` - is disabled; this option combination is neither implemented nor - allowed -- `po_link_to => negotiated` provides no useful behavior if the web - server does not support Content Negotiation +* if `usedirs` is disabled, it does not make sense to set `po_link_to` + to `negotiated`; this option combination is neither implemented + nor allowed. +* if the web server does not support Content Negotiation, setting + `po_link_to` to `negotiated` will produce a unusable website. -### Link to current language +Server support +============== -If `po_link_to` is set to `current` and the destination page is either -a translatable page or a translation, `\[[page]]` links to the current -page's language, *i.e.*: +Apache +------ -- `foo/page/index.LL.html` if `usedirs` is enabled -- `foo/page.LL.html` if `usedirs` is disabled +Using Apache `mod_negotiation` makes it really easy to have Apache +serve any page in the client's preferred language, if available. +Add 'Options MultiViews' to the wiki directory's configuration in Apache. -Templates ---------- +When `usedirs` is enabled, you should also set `DirectoryIndex index`. -The `OTHERLANGUAGES` loop provides ways to display the existing -translations and/or master page. One typically adds the following code -to `templates/page.tmpl`: - - -
- -
- +These settings are also recommended, in order to avoid serving up rss files +as index pages: + AddType application/rss+xml;qs=0.8 .rss + AddType application/atom+xml;qs=0.8 .atom -Server support -============== +For details, see [Apache's documentation](http://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.2/content-negotiation.html). -Apache ------- +lighttpd +-------- -Using `mod_negotiation` makes it really easy to have Apache serve the -page in the client's preferred language, if available. This is the -default Debian Apache configuration. +Recent versions of lighttpd should be able to use +`$HTTP["language"]` to configure the translated pages to be served. -When `usedirs` is enabled, one has to set `DirectoryIndex index` for -the wiki context. +See [Lighttpd Issue](http://redmine.lighttpd.net/issues/show/1119) -Setting `DefaultLanguage LL` (replace `LL` with your default MIME -language) for the wiki context can be needed, to ensure -`bla/page/index.en.html` is served as `Content-Language: LL`. -**FIXME**: is it still needed with the new `.en.html` naming convention? +TODO: Example -lighttpd --------- +Usage +===== -lighttpd unfortunately does not support content negotiation. +Templates +--------- -**FIXME**: does `mod_magnet` provide the functionality needed to - emulate this? +When `po_link_to` is not set to `negotiated`, one should replace some +occurrences of `BASEURL` with `HOMEPAGEURL` to get correct links to +the wiki homepage. +The `ISTRANSLATION` and `ISTRANSLATABLE` variables can be used to +display things only on translatable or translation pages. -TODO -==== +The `LANG_CODE` and `LANG_NAME` variables can respectively be used to +display the current page's language code and pretty name. -Link relationships ------------------- +### Display page's versions in other languages -Should pages using the `OTHERLANGUAGES` template loop be declared as -linking to the same page in other versions? +The `OTHERLANGUAGES` loop provides ways to display other languages' +versions of the same page, and the translations' status. -View translation status ------------------------ +An example of its use can be found in the default +`templates/page.tmpl`. In case you want to customize it, the following +variables are available inside the loop (for every page in): -One should be able to view some information about the translation -completeness, either for a given page or for the whole wiki. +* `URL` - url to the page +* `CODE` - two-letters language code +* `LANGUAGE` - language name (as defined in `po_slave_languages`) +* `MASTER` - is true (1) if, and only if the page is a "master" page +* `PERCENT` - for "slave" pages, is set to the translation completeness, in percents -This should not be too hard using gettext tools. If this is -implemented as a -[HTML::Template](http://search.cpan.org/search?mode=dist&query=HTML%3A%3ATemplate) -loop, a page using it should depend on any "master" and "slave" pages -whose status is being displayed. +### Display the current translation status -If it's not too heavy to compute, this status data may be made -available in the `OTHERLANGUAGES` template loop; else, a dedicated -loop would be needed. +The `PERCENTTRANSLATED` variable is set to the translation +completeness, expressed in percent, on "slave" pages. It is used by +the default `templates/page.tmpl`. -Automatic PO files update +Additional PageSpec tests ------------------------- -Committing changes to a "master" page must: - -1. update the POT file and the PO files for the supported languages; - this is done in the `needsbuild` hook; the updated PO files must - then be put under version control +This plugin enhances the regular [[ikiwiki/PageSpec]] syntax with some +additional tests that are documented [[here|ikiwiki/pagespec/po]]. -2. trigger a refresh of the corresponding HTML slave pages: this is - achieved by making any "slave" page dependent on the corresponding - "master" page, in the `needsbuild` hook. +Automatic PO file update +------------------------ -Also, when the plugin has just been enabled, all the needed POT and PO -files have to be created. +Committing changes to a "master" page: -UI consistency: rename "Edit" button on slave pages ---------------------------------------------------- +1. updates the POT file and the PO files for the "slave" languages; + the updated PO files are then put under version control; +2. triggers a refresh of the corresponding HTML slave pages. -It may be surprising to some, after having pressed *Edit* on a wiki -page, to end up editing a strange looking PO file. The *Edit* button -displayed on "slave" pages must therefore be renamed *Improve -translation* . +Also, when the plugin has just been enabled, or when a page has just +been declared as being translatable, the needed POT and PO files are +created, and the PO files are checked into version control. -Pages selection depending on language -------------------------------------- +Discussion pages and other sub-pages +------------------------------------ -To improve user navigation in a multi-lingual wiki, site developers -must be enabled to write: +Discussion should happen in the language in which the pages are +written for real, *i.e.* the "master" one. If discussion pages are +enabled, "slave" pages therefore link to the "master" page's +discussion page. - \[[!map pages="dev/* and lang(LL)" feeds="no"]] +Likewise, "slave" pages are not supposed to have sub-pages; +[[WikiLinks|ikiwiki/wikilink]] that appear on a "slave" page therefore link to +the master page's sub-pages. - \[[!map pages="dev/* and currentlang()" feeds="no"]] +Translating +----------- -Translation quality assurance ------------------------------ +One can edit the PO files using ikiwiki's CGI (a message-by-message +interface could also be implemented at some point). -Modifying a PO file via the CGI must only be allowed if the new -version is a valid PO file. As a bonus, check that it provides a more -complete translation than the existing one. +If [[tips/untrusted_git_push]] is setup, one can edit the PO files in one's +preferred `$EDITOR`, without needing to be online. -A new `cansave` type of hook would be needed to implement this. +Markup languages support +------------------------ -Note: committing to the underlying repository is a way to bypass -this check. +[[Markdown|mdwn]] and [[html]] are well supported. Some other markup +languages supported by ikiwiki mostly work, but some pieces of syntax +are not rendered correctly on the slave pages: -Translating online ------------------- +* [[reStructuredText|rst]]: anonymous hyperlinks and internal + cross-references +* [[wikitext]]: conversion of newlines to paragraphs +* [[creole]]: verbatim text is wrapped, tables are broken +* LaTeX: not supported yet; the dedicated po4a module + could be used to support it, but it would need a security audit +* other markup languages have not been tested. -As PO is a wiki page type, we already have an online PO editor, that -is ikiwiki's CGI. +Renaming a page +--------------- -A message-by-message interface could also be implemented at some -point; a nice way to do offline translation work (without VCS access) -still has to be offered, though. +A translatable page may be renamed using the web interface and the +[[rename plugin|plugins/rename]], or using the VCS directly; in +the latter case, *both* the "master" page and every corresponding +`.po` file must be renamed in the same commit. -Translating offline without VCS access --------------------------------------- +Security +======== -The following workflow should be made possible for translators without -VCS access who need to edit the PO files in another editor than a web -browser: +[[po/discussion]] contains a detailed security analysis of this plugin +and its dependencies. -- download the page's PO file -- use any PO editor to update the translation -- upload the updated PO file +When using po4a older than 0.35, it is recommended to uninstall +`Text::WrapI18N` (Debian package `libtext-wrapi18n-perl`), in order to +avoid a potential denial of service. -Implementation note: a generic mechanism to upload a page's source is -needed: it's only an alternative way to allow saving a the modified -page's source with the CGI. +BUGS +==== -### Short-term workflow +[[!inline pages="bugs/po:* and !bugs/done and !link(bugs/done) and !bugs/*/*" +feeds=no actions=no archive=yes show=0]] -A possible workaround is: +TODO +==== -- pretend to edit the PO file online -- copy the PO file content from the textarea -- cancel the edit -- paste the content into a local file. -- edit the local file in any PO editor -- pretend to edit the PO file online -- paste the modified local file's content into the edit textarea -- save +[[!inline pages="todo/po:* and !todo/done and !link(todo/done) and !todo/*/*" +feeds=no actions=no archive=yes show=0]]