X-Git-Url: http://git.vanrenterghem.biz/git.ikiwiki.info.git/blobdiff_plain/7b7865150f1670e92d6d81ece36902df7028ec97..91f5697025ce92e64ad9d02c122d6a8d6df22278:/doc/plugins/po.mdwn?ds=sidebyside diff --git a/doc/plugins/po.mdwn b/doc/plugins/po.mdwn index b3c50a925..91273ba98 100644 --- a/doc/plugins/po.mdwn +++ b/doc/plugins/po.mdwn @@ -5,6 +5,10 @@ This plugin adds support for multi-lingual wikis, translated with gettext, using [po4a](http://po4a.alioth.debian.org/). It depends on the Perl `Locale::Po4a::Po` library (`apt-get install po4a`). +As detailed bellow in the security section, `po4a` is subject to +denial-of-service attacks before version 0.35. + +[[!toc levels=2]] Introduction ============ @@ -13,7 +17,7 @@ A language is chosen as the "master" one, and any other supported language is a "slave" one. A page written in the "master" language is a "master" page. It can be -of any page type supported by ikiwiki, but PO. It does not have to be +of any page type supported by ikiwiki, except `po`. It does not have to be named a special way: migration to this plugin does not imply any page renaming work. @@ -22,13 +26,19 @@ English; if `usedirs` is enabled, it is rendered as `bla/page/index.en.html`, else as `bla/page.en.html`. Any translation of a "master" page into a "slave" language is called -a "slave" page; it is written in the gettext PO format. PO is now +a "slave" page; it is written in the gettext PO format. `po` is now a page type supported by ikiwiki. Example: `bla/page.fr.po` is the PO "message catalog" used to translate `bla/page.mdwn` into French; if `usedirs` is enabled, it is rendered as `bla/page/index.fr.html`, else as `bla/page.fr.html` +(In)Compatibility +================= + +This plugin does not support the `indexpages` mode. If you don't know +what it is, you probably don't care. + Configuration ============= @@ -44,10 +54,10 @@ Supported languages `po_slave_languages` is used to set the list of supported "slave" languages, such as: - po_slave_languages => { 'fr' => 'Français', - 'es' => 'Castellano', - 'de' => 'Deutsch', - } + po_slave_languages => [ 'fr|Français', + 'es|Español', + 'de|Deutsch', + ] Decide which pages are translatable ----------------------------------- @@ -56,46 +66,46 @@ The `po_translatable_pages` setting configures what pages are translatable. It is a [[ikiwiki/PageSpec]], so you have lots of control over what kind of pages are translatable. -The PO translations files are anyway not considered as being -translatable, so you don't need to worry about excluding them -explicitly from this [[ikiwiki/PageSpec]]. +The `.po` files are not considered as being translatable, so you don't need to +worry about excluding them explicitly from this [[ikiwiki/PageSpec]]. Internal links -------------- +### Links targets + The `po_link_to` option in `ikiwiki.setup` is used to decide how internal links should be generated, depending on web server features and site-specific preferences. -### Default linking behavior +#### Default linking behavior If `po_link_to` is unset, or set to `default`, ikiwiki's default linking behavior is preserved: `\[[destpage]]` links to the master language's page. -### Link to current language +#### Link to current language If `po_link_to` is set to `current`, `\[[destpage]]` links to the `destpage`'s version written in the current page's language, if available, *i.e.*: -- `foo/destpage/index.LL.html` if `usedirs` is enabled -- `foo/destpage.LL.html` if `usedirs` is disabled +* `foo/destpage/index.LL.html` if `usedirs` is enabled +* `foo/destpage.LL.html` if `usedirs` is disabled -### Link to negotiated language +#### Link to negotiated language If `po_link_to` is set to `negotiated`, `\[[page]]` links to the negotiated preferred language, *i.e.* `foo/page/`. (In)compatibility notes: -- if `usedirs` is disabled, it does not make sense to set `po_link_to` +* if `usedirs` is disabled, it does not make sense to set `po_link_to` to `negotiated`; this option combination is neither implemented nor allowed. -- if the web server does not support Content Negotiation, setting +* if the web server does not support Content Negotiation, setting `po_link_to` to `negotiated` will produce a unusable website. - Server support ============== @@ -104,7 +114,8 @@ Apache Using Apache `mod_negotiation` makes it really easy to have Apache serve any page in the client's preferred language, if available. -This is the default Debian Apache configuration. + +Add 'Options MultiViews' to the wiki directory's configuration in Apache. When `usedirs` is enabled, one has to set `DirectoryIndex index` for the wiki context. @@ -113,14 +124,17 @@ Setting `DefaultLanguage LL` (replace `LL` with your default MIME language code) for the wiki context can help to ensure `bla/page/index.en.html` is served as `Content-Language: LL`. +For details, see [Apache's documentation](http://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.2/content-negotiation.html). + lighttpd -------- -lighttpd unfortunately does not support content negotiation. +Recent versions of lighttpd should be able to use +`$HTTP["language"]` to configure the translated pages to be served. -**FIXME**: does `mod_magnet` provide the functionality needed to - emulate this? +See [Lighttpd Issue](http://redmine.lighttpd.net/issues/show/1119) +TODO: Example Usage ===== @@ -128,40 +142,33 @@ Usage Templates --------- +When `po_link_to` is not set to `negotiated`, one should replace some +occurrences of `BASEURL` with `HOMEPAGEURL` to get correct links to +the wiki homepage. + +The `ISTRANSLATION` and `ISTRANSLATABLE` variables can be used to +display things only on translatable or translation pages. + ### Display page's versions in other languages The `OTHERLANGUAGES` loop provides ways to display other languages' versions of the same page, and the translations' status. -One typically adds the following code to `templates/page.tmpl`: - - -
- -
- - -The following variables are available inside the loop (for every page in): - -- `URL` - url to the page -- `CODE` - two-letters language code -- `LANGUAGE` - language name (as defined in `po_slave_languages`) -- `MASTER` - is true (1) if, and only if the page is a "master" page -- `PERCENT` - for "slave" pages, is set to the translation completeness, in percents +An example of its use can be found in the default +`templates/page.tmpl`. In case you want to customize it, the following +variables are available inside the loop (for every page in): + +* `URL` - url to the page +* `CODE` - two-letters language code +* `LANGUAGE` - language name (as defined in `po_slave_languages`) +* `MASTER` - is true (1) if, and only if the page is a "master" page +* `PERCENT` - for "slave" pages, is set to the translation completeness, in percents ### Display the current translation status The `PERCENTTRANSLATED` variable is set to the translation -completeness, expressed in percent, on "slave" pages. +completeness, expressed in percent, on "slave" pages. It is used by +the default `templates/page.tmpl`. Additional PageSpec tests ------------------------- @@ -169,97 +176,145 @@ Additional PageSpec tests This plugin enhances the regular [[ikiwiki/PageSpec]] syntax with some additional tests that are documented [[here|ikiwiki/pagespec/po]]. -Automatic PO files update -------------------------- +Automatic PO file update +------------------------ Committing changes to a "master" page: -1. updates the POT file and the PO files for the supported languages - (this is done in the `needsbuild` hook); the updated PO files are - then put under version control -2. triggers a refresh of the corresponding HTML slave pages (this is - achieved by making any "slave" page dependent on the corresponding - "master" page, in the `needsbuild` hook) +1. updates the POT file and the PO files for the "slave" languages; + the updated PO files are then put under version control; +2. triggers a refresh of the corresponding HTML slave pages. Also, when the plugin has just been enabled, or when a page has just been declared as being translatable, the needed POT and PO files are created, and the PO files are checked into version control. -TODO -==== - -OTHERLANGUAGES dependencies ---------------------------- - -Pages using `OTHERLANGUAGES` depend on any "master" and "slave" pages -whose status is being displayed. It is supposed to trigger dependency -loops, but no practical bugs were noticed yet. - -Should pages using the `OTHERLANGUAGES` template loop be declared as -linking to the same page in other versions? To be rigorous, they -should, but this may clutter the backlinks. - -Security checks ---------------- +Discussion pages and other sub-pages +------------------------------------ -- `refreshpofiles` uses `system()`, whose args have to be checked more - thoroughly to prevent any security issue (command injection, etc.). -- `refreshpofiles` and `refreshpot` create new files; this may need - some checks, e.g. using `IkiWiki::prep_writefile()` +Discussion should happen in the language in which the pages are +written for real, *i.e.* the "master" one. If discussion pages are +enabled, "slave" pages therefore link to the "master" page's +discussion page. -gettext/po4a rough corners --------------------------- +Likewise, "slave" pages are not supposed to have sub-pages; +[[WikiLinks|ikiwiki/wikilink]] that appear on a "slave" page therefore link to +the master page's sub-pages. -- fix the "duplicate message definition" error when updating a PO - file; do PO files need normalizing? -- should `*.po~` backup files really be saved? +Translating +----------- -Translation quality assurance ------------------------------ +One can edit the PO files using ikiwiki's CGI (a message-by-message +interface could also be implemented at some point). -Modifying a PO file via the CGI must be forbidden if the new version -is not a valid PO file. As a bonus, check that it provides a more -complete translation than the existing one. +If [[tips/untrusted_git_push]] is setup, one can edit the PO files in one's +preferred `$EDITOR`, without needing to be online. -A new `cansave` type of hook would be needed to implement this. +Markup languages support +------------------------ -Note: committing to the underlying repository is a way to bypass -this check. +[[Markdown|mdwn]] and [[html]] are well supported. Some other markup +languages supported by ikiwiki mostly work, but some pieces of syntax +are not rendered correctly on the slave pages: -Translating online ------------------- +* [[reStructuredText|rst]]: anonymous hyperlinks and internal + cross-references +* [[wikitext]]: conversion of newlines to paragraphs +* [[creole]]: verbatim text is wrapped, tables are broken +* LaTeX: not supported yet; the dedicated po4a module + could be used to support it, but it would need a security audit +* other markup languages have not been tested. -As PO is a wiki page type, we already have an online PO editor, that -is ikiwiki's CGI. +Security +======== -A message-by-message interface could also be implemented at some -point; a nice way to do offline translation work (without VCS access) -still has to be offered, though. +[[po/discussion]] contains a detailed security analysis of this plugin +and its dependencies. -Translating offline without VCS access --------------------------------------- +When using po4a older than 0.35, it is recommended to uninstall +`Text::WrapI18N` (Debian package `libtext-wrapi18n-perl`), in order to +avoid a potential denial of service. -The following workflow should be made possible for translators without -VCS access who need to edit the PO files in another editor than a web -browser: - -- download the page's PO file -- use any PO editor to update the translation -- upload the updated PO file - -Implementation note: a generic mechanism to upload a page's source is -needed: it's only an alternative way to allow saving a the modified -page's source with the CGI. +BUGS +==== -### Short-term workflow +[[!inline pages="bugs/po:* and !bugs/done and !link(bugs/done) and !bugs/*/*" +feeds=no actions=no archive=yes show=0]] -A possible workaround is: +TODO +==== -- pretend to edit the PO file online -- copy the PO file content from the textarea -- cancel the edit -- paste the content into a local file. -- edit the local file in any PO editor -- pretend to edit the PO file online -- paste the modified local file's content into the edit textarea -- save +[[!inline pages="todo/po:* and !todo/done and !link(todo/done) and !todo/*/*" +feeds=no actions=no archive=yes show=0]] + +broken links to translatable basewiki pages that lack po files +-------------------------------------------------------------- + +If a page is not translated yet, the "translated" version of it +displays wikilinks to other, existing (but not yet translated?) +pages as edit links, as if those pages do not exist. + +That's really confusing, especially as clicking such a link +brings up an edit form to create a new, english page. + +This is with po_link_to=current or negotiated. With default, it doesn't +happen.. + +Also, this may only happen if the page being linked to is coming from an +underlay, and the underlays lack translation to a given language. +--[[Joey]] + +> Any simple testcase to reproduce it, please? I've never seen this +> happen yet. --[[intrigeri]] + +>> Sure, go here +>> (Currently 0% translateed) and see the 'WikiLink' link at the bottom, +>> which goes to +>> Compare with eg, the 100% translated Dansk version, where +>> the WikiLink link links to the English WikiLink page. --[[Joey]] + +>>> Seems not related to the page/string translation status: the 0% +>>> translated Spanish version has the correct link, just like the +>>> Dansk version => I'm changing the bug title accordingly. +>>> +>>> I tested forcing the sv html page to be rebuilt by translating a +>>> string in it, it did not fix the bug. I did the same for the +>>> Spanish page, it did not introduce the bug. So this is really +>>> weird. +>>> +>>> The smiley underlay seems to be the only place where the wrong +>>> thing happens: the basewiki underlay has similar examples +>>> that do not exhibit this bug. An underlay linking to another might +>>> be necessary to reproduce it. Going to dig deeper. --[[intrigeri]] + +>>>> After a few hours lost in the Perl debugger, I think I have found +>>>> the root cause of the problem: in l10n wiki's configured +>>>> `underlaydir`, the basewiki is present in every slave language +>>>> that is enabled for this wiki *but* Swedish. With such a +>>>> configuration, the `ikiwiki/wikilink` page indeed does not exist +>>>> in Swedish language: no `ikiwiki/wikilink.sv.po` can be found +>>>> where ikiwiki is looking. Have a look to +>>>> , the basewiki is not +>>>> available in Swedish language on this wiki. So this is not a po +>>>> bug, but a configuration or directories layout issue. This is +>>>> solved by adding the Swedish basewiki to the underlay dir, which +>>>> is I guess not a possibility in the l10n wiki context. I guess +>>>> this could be solved by adding `SRCDIR/basewiki` as an underlay +>>>> to your l10n wiki configuration, possibly using the +>>>> `add_underlays` configuration directive. --[[intrigeri]] + +>>>>> There is no complete Swedish underlay translation yet, so it is not +>>>>> shipped in ikiwiki. I don't think it's a misconfiguration to use +>>>>> a language that doesn't have translated underlays. --[[Joey]] + +>>>>>> Ok. The problem is triggered when using a language that doesn't +>>>>>> have translated underlays, *and* defining +>>>>>> `po_translatable_pages` in a way that renders the base wiki +>>>>>> pages translatable in po's view of things, which in turns makes +>>>>>> the po plugin act as if the translation pages did exist, +>>>>>> although they do not in this case. I still need to have a deep +>>>>>> look at the underlays-related code you added to `po.pm` a while +>>>>>> ago. Stay tuned. --[[intrigeri]] + +>>>>>>> Fixed in my po branch, along with other related small bugs that +>>>>>>> happen in the very same situation only. --[[intrigeri]]