X-Git-Url: http://git.vanrenterghem.biz/git.ikiwiki.info.git/blobdiff_plain/45d08022bbb97f1731951402997fa343f82c1494..72dc1a5f021595d9878fb6380280307400a46c4e:/doc/plugins/po.mdwn?ds=sidebyside diff --git a/doc/plugins/po.mdwn b/doc/plugins/po.mdwn index 326a6f39f..be3f4821e 100644 --- a/doc/plugins/po.mdwn +++ b/doc/plugins/po.mdwn @@ -2,34 +2,41 @@ [[!tag type/format]] This plugin adds support for multi-lingual wikis, translated with -gettext, using [po4a|http://po4a.alioth.debian.org/]. +gettext, using [po4a](http://po4a.alioth.debian.org/). It depends on the Perl `Locale::Po4a::Po` library (`apt-get install po4a`). Introduction ============ -A language is decided to be the "master" one, and any other supported -language is a "slave" one. A page written in the "master" language is -a "master" page, and is written in any supported format but PO. +A language is chosen as the "master" one, and any other supported +language is a "slave" one. + +A page written in the "master" language is a "master" page. It can be +of any page type supported by ikiwiki, but PO. It does not have to be +named a special way: migration to this plugin does not imply any page +renaming work. Example: `bla/page.mdwn` is a "master" Markdown page written in English; if `usedirs` is enabled, it is rendered as -`bla/page/index.html.en`, else as `bla/page.html.en`. +`bla/page/index.en.html`, else as `bla/page.en.html`. -Translations of a "master" page into a "slave" language are called -"slave" pages, and is a in gettext PO format. PO is thus promoted to -the wiki page type status. +Any translation of a "master" page into a "slave" language is called +a "slave" page; it is written in the gettext PO format. PO is now +a page type supported by ikiwiki. Example: `bla/page.fr.po` is the PO "message catalog" used to translate `bla/page.mdwn` into French; if `usedirs` is enabled, it is -rendered as `bla/page/index.html.fr`, else as `bla/page.html.fr` +rendered as `bla/page/index.fr.html`, else as `bla/page.fr.html` Configuration ============= -`po_master_language` is used to set the master language in +Supported languages +------------------- + +`po_master_language` is used to set the "master" language in `ikiwiki.setup`, such as: po_master_language => { 'code' => 'en', 'name' => 'English' } @@ -37,10 +44,56 @@ Configuration `po_slave_languages` is used to set the list of supported "slave" languages, such as: - po_slave_languages => { 'fr' => { 'name' => 'Français', }, - 'es' => { 'name' => 'Castellano', }, - 'de' => { 'name' => 'Deutsch', }, - }, + po_slave_languages => { 'fr' => 'Français', + 'es' => 'Castellano', + 'de' => 'Deutsch', + } + +Decide which pages are translatable +----------------------------------- + +The `po_translatable_pages` setting configures what pages are +translatable. It is a [[ikiwiki/PageSpec]], so you have lots of +control over what kind of pages are translatable. + +The PO translations files are anyway not considered as being +translatable, so you don't need to worry about excluding them +explicitly from this [[ikiwiki/PageSpec]]. + +Internal links +-------------- + +The `po_link_to` option in `ikiwiki.setup` is used to decide how +internal links should be generated, depending on web server features +and site-specific preferences. + +### Default linking behavior + +If `po_link_to` is unset, or set to `default`, ikiwiki's default +linking behavior is preserved: `\[[destpage]]` links to the master +language's page. + +### Link to current language + +If `po_link_to` is set to `current`, `\[[destpage]]` links to the +`destpage`'s version written in the current page's language, if +available, *i.e.*: + +- `foo/destpage/index.LL.html` if `usedirs` is enabled +- `foo/destpage.LL.html` if `usedirs` is disabled + +### Link to negotiated language + +If `po_link_to` is set to `negotiated`, `\[[page]]` links to the +negotiated preferred language, *i.e.* `foo/page/`. + +(In)compatibility notes: + +- if `usedirs` is disabled, it does not make sense to set `po_link_to` + to `negotiated`; this option combination is neither implemented + nor allowed. +- if the web server does not support Content Negotiation, setting + `po_link_to` to `negotiated` will produce a unusable website. Server support @@ -49,87 +102,143 @@ Server support Apache ------ -Using `mod_negotiation` makes it really easy to have Apache serve the -page in the client's preferred language, if available. This is the -default Debian Apache configuration. +Using Apache `mod_negotiation` makes it really easy to have Apache +serve any page in the client's preferred language, if available. +This is the default Debian Apache configuration. When `usedirs` is enabled, one has to set `DirectoryIndex index` for the wiki context. Setting `DefaultLanguage LL` (replace `LL` with your default MIME -language) for the wiki context can be needed, to ensure -`bla/page/index.html.en` is served as `Content-Language: LL`. -**FIXME**: is it still needed with the new `.html.en` naming convention? +language code) for the wiki context can help to ensure +`bla/page/index.en.html` is served as `Content-Language: LL`. lighttpd -------- lighttpd unfortunately does not support content negotiation. +**FIXME**: does `mod_magnet` provide the functionality needed to + emulate this? -TODO -==== -Display available translations ------------------------------- +Usage +===== -The [[linguas|plugins/contrib/linguas]] plugin has some code that can -be used as a basis to display the existing translations, and allow to -navigate between them. +Templates +--------- -View translation status ------------------------ +### Display page's versions in other languages -One should be able to view some freshness information about the -translation status, either for a given page or for the whole wiki. +The `OTHERLANGUAGES` loop provides ways to display other languages' +versions of the same page, and the translations' status. -This should not be too hard using gettext tools. If this is -implemented as a -[[HTML::Template|http://search.cpan.org/search?mode=dist&query=HTML%3A%3ATemplate]] -loop, a page using it should depend on any "master" and "slave" pages -whose status is being displayed. +One typically adds the following code to `templates/page.tmpl`: -Decide which pages are translatable ------------------------------------ + +
+ +
+ + +The following variables are available inside the loop (for every page in): -The subset of ("master") pages supporting translation must be -configurable: +- `URL` - url to the page +- `CODE` - two-letters language code +- `LANGUAGE` - language name (as defined in `po_slave_languages`) +- `MASTER` - is true (1) if, and only if the page is a "master" page +- `PERCENT` - for "slave" pages, is set to the translation completeness, in percents -- a `[[!translatable ]]` directive, when put on a page, makes it - translatable -- this [[ikiwiki/directive]] can be used with an optional `match=PageSpec` - argument, to render translatable a bunch of pages at once +### Display the current translation status + +The `PERCENTTRANSLATED` variable is set to the translation +completeness, expressed in percent, on "slave" pages. + +Additional PageSpec tests +------------------------- + +This plugin enhances the regular [[ikiwiki/PageSpec]] syntax with some +additional tests that are documented [[here|ikiwiki/pagespec/po]]. Automatic PO files update ------------------------- -Committing changes to a "master" page must: +Committing changes to a "master" page: + +1. updates the POT file and the PO files for the supported languages + (this is done in the `needsbuild` hook); the updated PO files are + then put under version control +2. triggers a refresh of the corresponding HTML slave pages (this is + achieved by making any "slave" page dependent on the corresponding + "master" page, in the `needsbuild` hook) + +Also, when the plugin has just been enabled, or when a page has just +been declared as being translatable, the needed POT and PO files are +created, and the PO files are checked into version control. + +TODO +==== + +OTHERLANGUAGES dependencies +--------------------------- + +Pages using `OTHERLANGUAGES` depend on any "master" and "slave" pages +whose status is being displayed. It is supposed to trigger dependency +loops, but no practical bugs were noticed yet. + +Should pages using the `OTHERLANGUAGES` template loop be declared as +linking to the same page in other versions? To be rigorous, they +should, but this may clutter the backlinks. -1. update the POT file, the PO files for the supported languages, and - put them under version control -2. trigger a refresh of the corresponding HTML slave pages +Security checks +--------------- -The former can be implemented as a `needsbuild` hook, which is the -first type of hook to run after the list of files that need to be -built is known: that is, at a time when we know which "master" page -was modified, and thus, which POT/PO files have to be updated. +- `refreshpofiles` uses `system()`, whose args have to be checked more + thoroughly to prevent any security issue (command injection, etc.). +- `refreshpofiles` and `refreshpot` create new files; this may need + some checks, e.g. using `IkiWiki::prep_writefile()` -The latter can be implemented by making any "slave" page depend on the -corresponding "master" page. The `add_depends` function can achieved -this, if used in a FIXME hook. +gettext/po4a rough corners +-------------------------- -UI consistency: rename "Edit" button on slave pages ---------------------------------------------------- +- fix the duplicated PO header mysterious bug +- fix the "duplicate message definition" error when updating a PO + file; do PO files need normalizing? (may be a side effect of + previous bug) +- fix infinite loop when synchronizing two ikiwiki (when checkouts + live in different directories): say bla.fr.po has been updated in + repo2; pulling repo2 from repo1 seems to trigger a PO update, that + changes bla.fr.po in repo1; then pushing repo1 to repo2 triggers + a PO update, that changes bla.fr.po in repo2; etc.; fixed in + `629968fc89bced6727981c0a1138072631751fee` ? + +Misc. bugs +---------- + + + +Misc. improvements +------------------ + +### page titles + +Use nice page titles from meta plugin in links, as inline already does. -It may be surprising to some, after having pressed *Edit* on a wiki -page, to end up editing a strange PO file. The *Edit* button must then -be be renamed to *Improve translation* on "slave" pages. Translation quality assurance ----------------------------- -Modifying a PO file via the CGI must only be allowed if the new -version is a valid PO file. As a bonus, check that it provides a more +Modifying a PO file via the CGI must be forbidden if the new version +is not a valid PO file. As a bonus, check that it provides a more complete translation than the existing one. A new `cansave` type of hook would be needed to implement this. @@ -143,8 +252,11 @@ Translating online As PO is a wiki page type, we already have an online PO editor, that is ikiwiki's CGI. -A message-by-message interface could be implemented later, providing -a nice way to translate offline (without VCS access) is provided. +**FIXME** preview does not work for PO files. + +A message-by-message interface could also be implemented at some +point; a nice way to do offline translation work (without VCS access) +still has to be offered, though. Translating offline without VCS access -------------------------------------- @@ -153,17 +265,23 @@ The following workflow should be made possible for translators without VCS access who need to edit the PO files in another editor than a web browser: -- download the PO file for the page +- download the page's PO file - use any PO editor to update the translation - upload the updated PO file -A generic mechanism to download and upload a page's source is needed. -It's only an alternative way to do Edit/edit/Save. +Implementation note: a generic mechanism to upload a page's source is +needed: it's only an alternative way to allow saving a the modified +page's source with the CGI. ### Short-term workflow +A possible workaround is: + - pretend to edit the PO file online - copy the PO file content from the textarea - cancel the edit - paste the content into a local file. - +- edit the local file in any PO editor +- pretend to edit the PO file online +- paste the modified local file's content into the edit textarea +- save