X-Git-Url: http://git.vanrenterghem.biz/git.ikiwiki.info.git/blobdiff_plain/40978343575b1cba041c087518e5766d6ca5db82..f768b6bf16e043b41d4503f3ab0758d975994b12:/doc/plugins/po.mdwn diff --git a/doc/plugins/po.mdwn b/doc/plugins/po.mdwn index 173a26ac4..f91e44ea3 100644 --- a/doc/plugins/po.mdwn +++ b/doc/plugins/po.mdwn @@ -5,6 +5,10 @@ This plugin adds support for multi-lingual wikis, translated with gettext, using [po4a](http://po4a.alioth.debian.org/). It depends on the Perl `Locale::Po4a::Po` library (`apt-get install po4a`). +As detailed bellow in the security section, `po4a` is subject to +denial-of-service attacks before version 0.35. + +[[!toc levels=2]] Introduction ============ @@ -13,7 +17,7 @@ A language is chosen as the "master" one, and any other supported language is a "slave" one. A page written in the "master" language is a "master" page. It can be -of any page type supported by ikiwiki, but PO. It does not have to be +of any page type supported by ikiwiki, except `po`. It does not have to be named a special way: migration to this plugin does not imply any page renaming work. @@ -22,13 +26,19 @@ English; if `usedirs` is enabled, it is rendered as `bla/page/index.en.html`, else as `bla/page.en.html`. Any translation of a "master" page into a "slave" language is called -a "slave" page; it is written in the gettext PO format. PO is now +a "slave" page; it is written in the gettext PO format. `po` is now a page type supported by ikiwiki. Example: `bla/page.fr.po` is the PO "message catalog" used to translate `bla/page.mdwn` into French; if `usedirs` is enabled, it is rendered as `bla/page/index.fr.html`, else as `bla/page.fr.html` +(In)Compatibility +================= + +This plugin does not support the `indexpages` mode. If you don't know +what it is, you probably don't care. + Configuration ============= @@ -39,15 +49,15 @@ Supported languages `po_master_language` is used to set the "master" language in `ikiwiki.setup`, such as: - po_master_language => { 'code' => 'en', 'name' => 'English' } + po_master_language => 'en|English' `po_slave_languages` is used to set the list of supported "slave" languages, such as: - po_slave_languages => { 'fr' => 'Français', - 'es' => 'Castellano', - 'de' => 'Deutsch', - } + po_slave_languages => [ 'fr|Français', + 'es|Español', + 'de|Deutsch', + ] Decide which pages are translatable ----------------------------------- @@ -56,46 +66,46 @@ The `po_translatable_pages` setting configures what pages are translatable. It is a [[ikiwiki/PageSpec]], so you have lots of control over what kind of pages are translatable. -The PO translations files are anyway not considered as being -translatable, so you don't need to worry about excluding them -explicitly from this [[ikiwiki/PageSpec]]. +The `.po` files are not considered as being translatable, so you don't need to +worry about excluding them explicitly from this [[ikiwiki/PageSpec]]. Internal links -------------- +### Links targets + The `po_link_to` option in `ikiwiki.setup` is used to decide how internal links should be generated, depending on web server features and site-specific preferences. -### Default linking behavior +#### Default linking behavior If `po_link_to` is unset, or set to `default`, ikiwiki's default linking behavior is preserved: `\[[destpage]]` links to the master language's page. -### Link to current language +#### Link to current language If `po_link_to` is set to `current`, `\[[destpage]]` links to the `destpage`'s version written in the current page's language, if available, *i.e.*: -- `foo/destpage/index.LL.html` if `usedirs` is enabled -- `foo/destpage.LL.html` if `usedirs` is disabled +* `foo/destpage/index.LL.html` if `usedirs` is enabled +* `foo/destpage.LL.html` if `usedirs` is disabled -### Link to negotiated language +#### Link to negotiated language If `po_link_to` is set to `negotiated`, `\[[page]]` links to the negotiated preferred language, *i.e.* `foo/page/`. (In)compatibility notes: -- if `usedirs` is disabled, it does not make sense to set `po_link_to` +* if `usedirs` is disabled, it does not make sense to set `po_link_to` to `negotiated`; this option combination is neither implemented nor allowed. -- if the web server does not support Content Negotiation, setting +* if the web server does not support Content Negotiation, setting `po_link_to` to `negotiated` will produce a unusable website. - Server support ============== @@ -104,23 +114,28 @@ Apache Using Apache `mod_negotiation` makes it really easy to have Apache serve any page in the client's preferred language, if available. -This is the default Debian Apache configuration. -When `usedirs` is enabled, one has to set `DirectoryIndex index` for -the wiki context. +Add 'Options MultiViews' to the wiki directory's configuration in Apache. + +When `usedirs` is enabled, you should also set `DirectoryIndex index`. + +These settings are also recommended, in order to avoid serving up rss files +as index pages: -Setting `DefaultLanguage LL` (replace `LL` with your default MIME -language code) for the wiki context can help to ensure -`bla/page/index.en.html` is served as `Content-Language: LL`. + AddType application/rss+xml;qs=0.8 .rss + AddType application/atom+xml;qs=0.8 .atom + +For details, see [Apache's documentation](http://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.2/content-negotiation.html). lighttpd -------- -lighttpd unfortunately does not support content negotiation. +Recent versions of lighttpd should be able to use +`$HTTP["language"]` to configure the translated pages to be served. -**FIXME**: does `mod_magnet` provide the functionality needed to - emulate this? +See [Lighttpd Issue](http://redmine.lighttpd.net/issues/show/1119) +TODO: Example Usage ===== @@ -128,6 +143,10 @@ Usage Templates --------- +When `po_link_to` is not set to `negotiated`, one should replace some +occurrences of `BASEURL` with `HOMEPAGEURL` to get correct links to +the wiki homepage. + The `ISTRANSLATION` and `ISTRANSLATABLE` variables can be used to display things only on translatable or translation pages. @@ -136,43 +155,21 @@ display things only on translatable or translation pages. The `OTHERLANGUAGES` loop provides ways to display other languages' versions of the same page, and the translations' status. -One typically adds the following code to `templates/page.tmpl`: - - -
- -
- - -The following variables are available inside the loop (for every page in): - -- `URL` - url to the page -- `CODE` - two-letters language code -- `LANGUAGE` - language name (as defined in `po_slave_languages`) -- `MASTER` - is true (1) if, and only if the page is a "master" page -- `PERCENT` - for "slave" pages, is set to the translation completeness, in percents +An example of its use can be found in the default +`templates/page.tmpl`. In case you want to customize it, the following +variables are available inside the loop (for every page in): + +* `URL` - url to the page +* `CODE` - two-letters language code +* `LANGUAGE` - language name (as defined in `po_slave_languages`) +* `MASTER` - is true (1) if, and only if the page is a "master" page +* `PERCENT` - for "slave" pages, is set to the translation completeness, in percents ### Display the current translation status The `PERCENTTRANSLATED` variable is set to the translation -completeness, expressed in percent, on "slave" pages. - -One can use it this way: - - -
- -
- +completeness, expressed in percent, on "slave" pages. It is used by +the default `templates/page.tmpl`. Additional PageSpec tests ------------------------- @@ -180,93 +177,73 @@ Additional PageSpec tests This plugin enhances the regular [[ikiwiki/PageSpec]] syntax with some additional tests that are documented [[here|ikiwiki/pagespec/po]]. -Automatic PO files update -------------------------- +Automatic PO file update +------------------------ Committing changes to a "master" page: -1. updates the POT file, as well as the PO files for the "slave" - languages (this is done in the `needsbuild` hook); the updated PO - files are then put under version control; -2. triggers a refresh of the corresponding HTML slave pages (this is - achieved by making any "slave" page dependent on the corresponding - "master" page, in the `needsbuild` hook). +1. updates the POT file and the PO files for the "slave" languages; + the updated PO files are then put under version control; +2. triggers a refresh of the corresponding HTML slave pages. Also, when the plugin has just been enabled, or when a page has just been declared as being translatable, the needed POT and PO files are created, and the PO files are checked into version control. -Discussion pages ----------------- +Discussion pages and other sub-pages +------------------------------------ Discussion should happen in the language in which the pages are written for real, *i.e.* the "master" one. If discussion pages are enabled, "slave" pages therefore link to the "master" page's discussion page. +Likewise, "slave" pages are not supposed to have sub-pages; +[[WikiLinks|ikiwiki/wikilink]] that appear on a "slave" page therefore link to +the master page's sub-pages. + Translating ----------- One can edit the PO files using ikiwiki's CGI (a message-by-message interface could also be implemented at some point). -If [[tips/untrusted_git_push]] is setup, one can edit the PO files in -her preferred `$EDITOR`, without needing to be online. - -TODO -==== - -Security checks ---------------- - -- `refreshpofiles` uses `system()`, whose args have to be checked more - thoroughly to prevent any security issue (command injection, etc.). -- `refreshpofiles` and `refreshpot` create new files; this may need - some checks, e.g. using `IkiWiki::prep_writefile()` +If [[tips/untrusted_git_push]] is setup, one can edit the PO files in one's +preferred `$EDITOR`, without needing to be online. -gettext/po4a rough corners --------------------------- +Markup languages support +------------------------ -- fix infinite loop when synchronizing two ikiwiki (when checkouts - live in different directories): say bla.fr.po has been updated in - repo2; pulling repo2 from repo1 seems to trigger a PO update, that - changes bla.fr.po in repo1; then pushing repo1 to repo2 triggers - a PO update, that changes bla.fr.po in repo2; etc.; fixed in - `629968fc89bced6727981c0a1138072631751fee`? -- new translations created in the web interface must get proper - charset/encoding gettext metadata, else the next automatic PO update - removes any non-ascii chars; possible solution: put such metadata - into the Pot file, and let it propagate; should be fixed in - `773de05a7a1ee68d2bed173367cf5e716884945a`, time will tell. +[[Markdown|mdwn]] and [[html]] are well supported. Some other markup +languages supported by ikiwiki mostly work, but some pieces of syntax +are not rendered correctly on the slave pages: -Misc. improvements ------------------- +* [[reStructuredText|rst]]: anonymous hyperlinks and internal + cross-references +* [[wikitext]]: conversion of newlines to paragraphs +* [[creole]]: verbatim text is wrapped, tables are broken +* LaTeX: not supported yet; the dedicated po4a module + could be used to support it, but it would need a security audit +* other markup languages have not been tested. -### page titles +Security +======== -Use nice page titles from meta plugin in links, as inline already -does. This is actually a duplicate for -[[bugs/pagetitle_function_does_not_respect_meta_titles]], which might -be fixed by something like [[todo/using_meta_titles_for_parentlinks]]. +[[po/discussion]] contains a detailed security analysis of this plugin +and its dependencies. -### websetup +When using po4a older than 0.35, it is recommended to uninstall +`Text::WrapI18N` (Debian package `libtext-wrapi18n-perl`), in order to +avoid a potential denial of service. -Which configuration settings are safe enough for websetup? - -### backlinks - -If a given translatable `sourcepage.mdwn` links to \[[destpage]], -`sourcepage.LL.po` also link to \[[destpage]], and the latter has the -master page *and* all its translations listed in the backlinks. - -Translation quality assurance ------------------------------ +BUGS +==== -Modifying a PO file via the CGI must be forbidden if the new version -is not a valid PO file. As a bonus, check that it provides a more -complete translation than the existing one. +[[!inline pages="bugs/po:* and !bugs/done and !link(bugs/done) and !bugs/*/*" +feeds=no actions=no archive=yes show=0]] -A new `cansave` type of hook would be needed to implement this. +TODO +==== -Note: committing to the underlying repository is a way to bypass -this check. +[[!inline pages="todo/po:* and !todo/done and !link(todo/done) and !todo/*/*" +feeds=no actions=no archive=yes show=0]]