gettext, using [po4a](http://po4a.alioth.debian.org/).
It depends on the Perl `Locale::Po4a::Po` library (`apt-get install po4a`).
+As detailed bellow in the security section, `po4a` is subject to
+denial-of-service attacks before version 0.35.
+
+[[!toc levels=2]]
Introduction
============
translate `bla/page.mdwn` into French; if `usedirs` is enabled, it is
rendered as `bla/page/index.fr.html`, else as `bla/page.fr.html`
+(In)Compatibility
+=================
+
+This plugin does not support the `indexpages` mode. If you don't know
+what it is, you probably don't care.
+
Configuration
=============
`po_master_language` is used to set the "master" language in
`ikiwiki.setup`, such as:
- po_master_language => { 'code' => 'en', 'name' => 'English' }
+ po_master_language: en|English
`po_slave_languages` is used to set the list of supported "slave"
languages, such as:
- po_slave_languages => { 'fr' => 'Français',
- 'es' => 'Castellano',
- 'de' => 'Deutsch',
- }
+ po_slave_languages:
+ - fr|Français
+ - es|Español
+ - de|Deutsch
Decide which pages are translatable
-----------------------------------
Internal links
--------------
+### Links targets
+
The `po_link_to` option in `ikiwiki.setup` is used to decide how
internal links should be generated, depending on web server features
and site-specific preferences.
-### Default linking behavior
+#### Default linking behavior
If `po_link_to` is unset, or set to `default`, ikiwiki's default
linking behavior is preserved: `\[[destpage]]` links to the master
language's page.
-### Link to current language
+#### Link to current language
If `po_link_to` is set to `current`, `\[[destpage]]` links to the
`destpage`'s version written in the current page's language, if
available, *i.e.*:
-- `foo/destpage/index.LL.html` if `usedirs` is enabled
-- `foo/destpage.LL.html` if `usedirs` is disabled
+* `foo/destpage/index.LL.html` if `usedirs` is enabled
+* `foo/destpage.LL.html` if `usedirs` is disabled
-### Link to negotiated language
+#### Link to negotiated language
If `po_link_to` is set to `negotiated`, `\[[page]]` links to the
negotiated preferred language, *i.e.* `foo/page/`.
(In)compatibility notes:
-- if `usedirs` is disabled, it does not make sense to set `po_link_to`
+* if `usedirs` is disabled, it does not make sense to set `po_link_to`
to `negotiated`; this option combination is neither implemented
nor allowed.
-- if the web server does not support Content Negotiation, setting
+* if the web server does not support Content Negotiation, setting
`po_link_to` to `negotiated` will produce a unusable website.
-
Server support
==============
Using Apache `mod_negotiation` makes it really easy to have Apache
serve any page in the client's preferred language, if available.
-This is the default Debian Apache configuration.
-When `usedirs` is enabled, one has to set `DirectoryIndex index` for
-the wiki context.
+Add 'Options MultiViews' to the wiki directory's configuration in Apache.
-Setting `DefaultLanguage LL` (replace `LL` with your default MIME
-language code) for the wiki context can help to ensure
-`bla/page/index.en.html` is served as `Content-Language: LL`.
+When `usedirs` is enabled, you should also set `DirectoryIndex index`.
+
+These settings are also recommended, in order to avoid serving up rss files
+as index pages:
+
+ AddType application/rss+xml;qs=0.8 .rss
+ AddType application/atom+xml;qs=0.8 .atom
+
+For details, see [Apache's documentation](http://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.2/content-negotiation.html).
lighttpd
--------
-lighttpd unfortunately does not support content negotiation.
+Recent versions of lighttpd should be able to use
+`$HTTP["language"]` to configure the translated pages to be served.
-**FIXME**: does `mod_magnet` provide the functionality needed to
- emulate this?
+See [Lighttpd Issue](http://redmine.lighttpd.net/issues/show/1119)
+TODO: Example
Usage
=====
Templates
---------
+When `po_link_to` is not set to `negotiated`, one should replace some
+occurrences of `BASEURL` with `HOMEPAGEURL` to get correct links to
+the wiki homepage.
+
The `ISTRANSLATION` and `ISTRANSLATABLE` variables can be used to
display things only on translatable or translation pages.
+The `LANG_CODE` and `LANG_NAME` variables can respectively be used to
+display the current page's language code and pretty name.
+
### Display page's versions in other languages
The `OTHERLANGUAGES` loop provides ways to display other languages'
versions of the same page, and the translations' status.
-One typically adds the following code to `templates/page.tmpl`:
-
- <TMPL_IF NAME="OTHERLANGUAGES">
- <div id="otherlanguages">
- <ul>
- <TMPL_LOOP NAME="OTHERLANGUAGES">
- <li>
- <a href="<TMPL_VAR NAME="URL">"><TMPL_VAR NAME="LANGUAGE"></a>
- <TMPL_UNLESS NAME="MASTER">
- (<TMPL_VAR NAME="PERCENT"> %)
- </TMPL_UNLESS>
- </li>
- </TMPL_LOOP>
- </ul>
- </div>
- </TMPL_IF>
-
-The following variables are available inside the loop (for every page in):
-
-- `URL` - url to the page
-- `CODE` - two-letters language code
-- `LANGUAGE` - language name (as defined in `po_slave_languages`)
-- `MASTER` - is true (1) if, and only if the page is a "master" page
-- `PERCENT` - for "slave" pages, is set to the translation completeness, in percents
+An example of its use can be found in the default
+`templates/page.tmpl`. In case you want to customize it, the following
+variables are available inside the loop (for every page in):
+
+* `URL` - url to the page
+* `CODE` - two-letters language code
+* `LANGUAGE` - language name (as defined in `po_slave_languages`)
+* `MASTER` - is true (1) if, and only if the page is a "master" page
+* `PERCENT` - for "slave" pages, is set to the translation completeness, in percents
### Display the current translation status
The `PERCENTTRANSLATED` variable is set to the translation
-completeness, expressed in percent, on "slave" pages.
-
-One can use it this way:
-
- <TMPL_IF NAME="ISTRANSLATION">
- <div id="percenttranslated">
- <TMPL_VAR NAME="PERCENTTRANSLATED">
- </div>
- </TMPL_IF>
+completeness, expressed in percent, on "slave" pages. It is used by
+the default `templates/page.tmpl`.
Additional PageSpec tests
-------------------------
Committing changes to a "master" page:
-1. updates the POT file and the PO files for the supported languages;
- the updated PO files are then put under version control
-2. triggers a refresh of the corresponding HTML slave pages
+1. updates the POT file and the PO files for the "slave" languages;
+ the updated PO files are then put under version control;
+2. triggers a refresh of the corresponding HTML slave pages.
Also, when the plugin has just been enabled, or when a page has just
been declared as being translatable, the needed POT and PO files are
created, and the PO files are checked into version control.
-Discussion pages
-----------------
+Discussion pages and other sub-pages
+------------------------------------
-Discussion should happen in the language in which the pages are written for
-real, *i.e.* the "master" one. If discussion pages are enabled, "slave" pages
-therefore link to the "master" page's discussion page.
+Discussion should happen in the language in which the pages are
+written for real, *i.e.* the "master" one. If discussion pages are
+enabled, "slave" pages therefore link to the "master" page's
+discussion page.
+
+Likewise, "slave" pages are not supposed to have sub-pages;
+[[WikiLinks|ikiwiki/wikilink]] that appear on a "slave" page therefore link to
+the master page's sub-pages.
Translating
-----------
-One can edit the PO files using ikiwiki's CGI (a message-by-message interface
-could also be implemented at some point).
+One can edit the PO files using ikiwiki's CGI (a message-by-message
+interface could also be implemented at some point).
If [[tips/untrusted_git_push]] is setup, one can edit the PO files in one's
preferred `$EDITOR`, without needing to be online.
-TODO
-====
-
-OTHERLANGUAGES dependencies
----------------------------
+Markup languages support
+------------------------
-Pages using `OTHERLANGUAGES` depend on any "master" and "slave" pages
-whose status is being displayed. It is supposed to trigger dependency
-loops, but no practical bugs were noticed yet.
+[[Markdown|mdwn]] and [[html]] are well supported. Some other markup
+languages supported by ikiwiki mostly work, but some pieces of syntax
+are not rendered correctly on the slave pages:
-Should pages using the `OTHERLANGUAGES` template loop be declared as
-linking to the same page in other versions? To be rigorous, they
-should, but this may clutter the backlinks.
+* [[reStructuredText|rst]]: anonymous hyperlinks and internal
+ cross-references
+* [[wikitext]]: conversion of newlines to paragraphs
+* [[creole]]: verbatim text is wrapped, tables are broken
+* LaTeX: not supported yet; the dedicated po4a module
+ could be used to support it, but it would need a security audit
+* other markup languages have not been tested.
-Security checks
+Renaming a page
---------------
-- `refreshpofiles` uses `system()`, whose args have to be checked more
- thoroughly to prevent any security issue (command injection, etc.).
- > Always pass `system()` a list of parameters to avoid the shell.
- > I've checked in a change fixing that. --[[Joey]]
-- `refreshpofiles` and `refreshpot` create new files; this may need
- some checks, e.g. using `IkiWiki::prep_writefile()`
- > Yes, it would be ideal to call `prep_writefile` on each file
- > that they write, beforehand. This way you'd avoid symlink attacks etc to the
- > generated po/pot files. I haven't done it, but it seems pretty trivial.
- > --[[Joey]]
-- Can any sort of directives be put in po files that will
- cause mischief (ie, include other files, run commands, crash gettext,
- whatever).
-- Any security issues on running po4a on untrusted content?
-
-gettext/po4a rough corners
---------------------------
-
-- fix infinite loop when synchronizing two ikiwiki (when checkouts
- live in different directories): say bla.fr.po has been updated in
- repo2; pulling repo2 from repo1 seems to trigger a PO update, that
- changes bla.fr.po in repo1; then pushing repo1 to repo2 triggers
- a PO update, that changes bla.fr.po in repo2; etc.; fixed in
- `629968fc89bced6727981c0a1138072631751fee`?
-- new translations created in the web interface must get proper charset/encoding
- gettext metadata, else the next automatic PO update removes any non-ascii
- chars; possible solution: put such metadata into the Pot file, and let it
- propagate; should be fixed in `773de05a7a1ee68d2bed173367cf5e716884945a`, time
- will tell.
-
-Misc. improvements
-------------------
-
-### preview
-
-preview does not work for PO files.
-
-### automatic POT/PO update
-
-Use the `change` hook instead of `needsbuild`?
-
-### page titles
+A translatable page may be renamed using the web interface and the
+[[rename plugin|plugins/rename]], or using the VCS directly; in
+the latter case, *both* the "master" page and every corresponding
+`.po` file must be renamed in the same commit.
-Use nice page titles from meta plugin in links, as inline already does. This is
-actually a duplicate for
-[[bugs/pagetitle_function_does_not_respect_meta_titles]], which might be fixed
-by something like [[todo/using_meta_titles_for_parentlinks]].
+Security
+========
-### websetup
+[[po/discussion]] contains a detailed security analysis of this plugin
+and its dependencies.
-Which configuration settings are safe enough for websetup?
+When using po4a older than 0.35, it is recommended to uninstall
+`Text::WrapI18N` (Debian package `libtext-wrapi18n-perl`), in order to
+avoid a potential denial of service.
-> I see no problems with `po_master_language` and `po_slave_languages`
-> (assuming websetup handles the hashes correctly). Would not hurt to check
-> that the values of these are legal language codes, in `checkconfig`.
-> `po_translatable_pages` seems entirely safe. `po_link_to` w/o usedirs
-> causes ikiwiki to error out. If it were changed to fall back to a safe
-> setting in this case rather than error, it would be safe.
-> --[[Joey]]
-
-### parentlinks
-
-When the wiki home page is translatable, the parentlinks plugin sets
-`./index.html` as its translations' single parent link. Ideally, the home page's
-translations should get no parent link at all, just like the version written in
-the master language.
-
-### backlinks
-
-If a given translatable `sourcepage.mdwn` links to \[[destpage]],
-`sourcepage.LL.po` also link to \[[destpage]], and the latter has the master
-page *and* all its translations listed in the backlinks.
-
-Translation quality assurance
------------------------------
+BUGS
+====
-Modifying a PO file via the CGI must be forbidden if the new version
-is not a valid PO file. As a bonus, check that it provides a more
-complete translation than the existing one.
+[[!inline pages="bugs/po:* and !bugs/done and !link(bugs/done) and !bugs/*/*"
+feeds=no actions=no archive=yes show=0]]
-A new `cansave` type of hook would be needed to implement this.
+TODO
+====
-Note: committing to the underlying repository is a way to bypass
-this check.
+[[!inline pages="todo/po:* and !todo/done and !link(todo/done) and !todo/*/*"
+feeds=no actions=no archive=yes show=0]]