gettext, using [po4a](http://po4a.alioth.debian.org/).
It depends on the Perl `Locale::Po4a::Po` library (`apt-get install po4a`).
+As detailed bellow in the security section, `po4a` is subject to
+denial-of-service attacks before version 0.35.
+
+[[!toc levels=2]]
Introduction
============
language is a "slave" one.
A page written in the "master" language is a "master" page. It can be
-of any page type supported by ikiwiki, but PO. It does not have to be
+of any page type supported by ikiwiki, except `po`. It does not have to be
named a special way: migration to this plugin does not imply any page
renaming work.
`bla/page/index.en.html`, else as `bla/page.en.html`.
Any translation of a "master" page into a "slave" language is called
-a "slave" page; it is written in the gettext PO format. PO is now
+a "slave" page; it is written in the gettext PO format. `po` is now
a page type supported by ikiwiki.
Example: `bla/page.fr.po` is the PO "message catalog" used to
translate `bla/page.mdwn` into French; if `usedirs` is enabled, it is
rendered as `bla/page/index.fr.html`, else as `bla/page.fr.html`
+(In)Compatibility
+=================
+
+This plugin does not support the `indexpages` mode. If you don't know
+what it is, you probably don't care.
+
Configuration
=============
`po_slave_languages` is used to set the list of supported "slave"
languages, such as:
- po_slave_languages => { 'fr' => 'Français',
- 'es' => 'Castellano',
- 'de' => 'Deutsch',
- }
+ po_slave_languages => [ 'fr|Français',
+ 'es|Español',
+ 'de|Deutsch',
+ ]
Decide which pages are translatable
-----------------------------------
translatable. It is a [[ikiwiki/PageSpec]], so you have lots of
control over what kind of pages are translatable.
-The PO translations files are anyway not considered as being
-translatable, so you don't need to worry about excluding them
-explicitly from this [[ikiwiki/PageSpec]].
+The `.po` files are not considered as being translatable, so you don't need to
+worry about excluding them explicitly from this [[ikiwiki/PageSpec]].
Internal links
--------------
+### Links targets
+
The `po_link_to` option in `ikiwiki.setup` is used to decide how
internal links should be generated, depending on web server features
and site-specific preferences.
-### Default linking behavior
+#### Default linking behavior
If `po_link_to` is unset, or set to `default`, ikiwiki's default
linking behavior is preserved: `\[[destpage]]` links to the master
language's page.
-### Link to current language
+#### Link to current language
If `po_link_to` is set to `current`, `\[[destpage]]` links to the
`destpage`'s version written in the current page's language, if
available, *i.e.*:
-- `foo/destpage/index.LL.html` if `usedirs` is enabled
-- `foo/destpage.LL.html` if `usedirs` is disabled
+* `foo/destpage/index.LL.html` if `usedirs` is enabled
+* `foo/destpage.LL.html` if `usedirs` is disabled
-### Link to negotiated language
+#### Link to negotiated language
If `po_link_to` is set to `negotiated`, `\[[page]]` links to the
negotiated preferred language, *i.e.* `foo/page/`.
(In)compatibility notes:
-- if `usedirs` is disabled, it does not make sense to set `po_link_to`
+* if `usedirs` is disabled, it does not make sense to set `po_link_to`
to `negotiated`; this option combination is neither implemented
nor allowed.
-- if the web server does not support Content Negotiation, setting
+* if the web server does not support Content Negotiation, setting
`po_link_to` to `negotiated` will produce a unusable website.
-
Server support
==============
Using Apache `mod_negotiation` makes it really easy to have Apache
serve any page in the client's preferred language, if available.
-This is the default Debian Apache configuration.
+
+Add 'Options MultiViews' to the wiki directory's configuration in Apache.
When `usedirs` is enabled, one has to set `DirectoryIndex index` for
the wiki context.
language code) for the wiki context can help to ensure
`bla/page/index.en.html` is served as `Content-Language: LL`.
+For details, see [Apache's documentation](http://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.2/content-negotiation.html).
+
lighttpd
--------
-lighttpd unfortunately does not support content negotiation.
+Recent versions of lighttpd should be able to use
+`$HTTP["language"]` to configure the translated pages to be served.
-**FIXME**: does `mod_magnet` provide the functionality needed to
- emulate this?
+See [Lighttpd Issue](http://redmine.lighttpd.net/issues/show/1119)
+TODO: Example
Usage
=====
Templates
---------
+When `po_link_to` is not set to `negotiated`, one should replace some
+occurrences of `BASEURL` with `HOMEPAGEURL` to get correct links to
+the wiki homepage.
+
The `ISTRANSLATION` and `ISTRANSLATABLE` variables can be used to
display things only on translatable or translation pages.
The `OTHERLANGUAGES` loop provides ways to display other languages'
versions of the same page, and the translations' status.
-One typically adds the following code to `templates/page.tmpl`:
-
- <TMPL_IF NAME="OTHERLANGUAGES">
- <div id="otherlanguages">
- <ul>
- <TMPL_LOOP NAME="OTHERLANGUAGES">
- <li>
- <a href="<TMPL_VAR NAME="URL">"><TMPL_VAR NAME="LANGUAGE"></a>
- <TMPL_UNLESS NAME="MASTER">
- (<TMPL_VAR NAME="PERCENT"> %)
- </TMPL_UNLESS>
- </li>
- </TMPL_LOOP>
- </ul>
- </div>
- </TMPL_IF>
-
-The following variables are available inside the loop (for every page in):
-
-- `URL` - url to the page
-- `CODE` - two-letters language code
-- `LANGUAGE` - language name (as defined in `po_slave_languages`)
-- `MASTER` - is true (1) if, and only if the page is a "master" page
-- `PERCENT` - for "slave" pages, is set to the translation completeness, in percents
+An example of its use can be found in the default
+`templates/page.tmpl`. In case you want to customize it, the following
+variables are available inside the loop (for every page in):
+
+* `URL` - url to the page
+* `CODE` - two-letters language code
+* `LANGUAGE` - language name (as defined in `po_slave_languages`)
+* `MASTER` - is true (1) if, and only if the page is a "master" page
+* `PERCENT` - for "slave" pages, is set to the translation completeness, in percents
### Display the current translation status
The `PERCENTTRANSLATED` variable is set to the translation
-completeness, expressed in percent, on "slave" pages.
-
-One can use it this way:
-
- <TMPL_IF NAME="ISTRANSLATION">
- <div id="percenttranslated">
- <TMPL_VAR NAME="PERCENTTRANSLATED">
- </div>
- </TMPL_IF>
+completeness, expressed in percent, on "slave" pages. It is used by
+the default `templates/page.tmpl`.
Additional PageSpec tests
-------------------------
This plugin enhances the regular [[ikiwiki/PageSpec]] syntax with some
additional tests that are documented [[here|ikiwiki/pagespec/po]].
-Automatic PO files update
--------------------------
+Automatic PO file update
+------------------------
Committing changes to a "master" page:
-1. updates the POT file and the PO files for the supported languages
- (this is done in the `needsbuild` hook); the updated PO files are
- then put under version control
-2. triggers a refresh of the corresponding HTML slave pages (this is
- achieved by making any "slave" page dependent on the corresponding
- "master" page, in the `needsbuild` hook)
+1. updates the POT file and the PO files for the "slave" languages;
+ the updated PO files are then put under version control;
+2. triggers a refresh of the corresponding HTML slave pages.
Also, when the plugin has just been enabled, or when a page has just
been declared as being translatable, the needed POT and PO files are
created, and the PO files are checked into version control.
-TODO
-====
-
-OTHERLANGUAGES dependencies
----------------------------
-
-Pages using `OTHERLANGUAGES` depend on any "master" and "slave" pages
-whose status is being displayed. It is supposed to trigger dependency
-loops, but no practical bugs were noticed yet.
+Discussion pages and other sub-pages
+------------------------------------
-Should pages using the `OTHERLANGUAGES` template loop be declared as
-linking to the same page in other versions? To be rigorous, they
-should, but this may clutter the backlinks.
+Discussion should happen in the language in which the pages are
+written for real, *i.e.* the "master" one. If discussion pages are
+enabled, "slave" pages therefore link to the "master" page's
+discussion page.
-Security checks
----------------
+Likewise, "slave" pages are not supposed to have sub-pages;
+[[WikiLinks|ikiwiki/wikilink]] that appear on a "slave" page therefore link to
+the master page's sub-pages.
-- `refreshpofiles` uses `system()`, whose args have to be checked more
- thoroughly to prevent any security issue (command injection, etc.).
-- `refreshpofiles` and `refreshpot` create new files; this may need
- some checks, e.g. using `IkiWiki::prep_writefile()`
+Translating
+-----------
-gettext/po4a rough corners
---------------------------
+One can edit the PO files using ikiwiki's CGI (a message-by-message
+interface could also be implemented at some point).
-- new translations created in the web interface must get proper charset/encoding
- gettext metadata, else the next automatic PO update removes any non-ascii
- chars; possible solution: put such metadata into the Pot file, and let it
- propagate
-- fix the duplicated PO header mysterious bug
-- fix the "duplicate message definition" error when updating a PO
- file; do PO files need normalizing? (may be a side effect of
- previous bug)
-- fix infinite loop when synchronizing two ikiwiki (when checkouts
- live in different directories): say bla.fr.po has been updated in
- repo2; pulling repo2 from repo1 seems to trigger a PO update, that
- changes bla.fr.po in repo1; then pushing repo1 to repo2 triggers
- a PO update, that changes bla.fr.po in repo2; etc.; fixed in
- `629968fc89bced6727981c0a1138072631751fee` ?
+If [[tips/untrusted_git_push]] is setup, one can edit the PO files in one's
+preferred `$EDITOR`, without needing to be online.
-Misc. improvements
-------------------
+Markup languages support
+------------------------
-### automatic POT/PO update
+[[Markdown|mdwn]] and [[html]] are well supported. Some other markup
+languages supported by ikiwiki mostly work, but some pieces of syntax
+are not rendered correctly on the slave pages:
-Use the `change` hook instead of `needsbuild`?
+* [[reStructuredText|rst]]: anonymous hyperlinks and internal
+ cross-references
+* [[wikitext]]: conversion of newlines to paragraphs
+* [[creole]]: verbatim text is wrapped, tables are broken
+* LaTeX: not supported yet; the dedicated po4a module
+ could be used to support it, but it would need a security audit
+* other markup languages have not been tested.
-### page titles
+Security
+========
-Use nice page titles from meta plugin in links, as inline already does.
+[[po/discussion]] contains a detailed security analysis of this plugin
+and its dependencies.
-### websetup
+When using po4a older than 0.35, it is recommended to uninstall
+`Text::WrapI18N` (Debian package `libtext-wrapi18n-perl`), in order to
+avoid a potential denial of service.
-Which configuration settings are safe enough for websetup?
-
-Translation quality assurance
------------------------------
-
-Modifying a PO file via the CGI must be forbidden if the new version
-is not a valid PO file. As a bonus, check that it provides a more
-complete translation than the existing one.
-
-A new `cansave` type of hook would be needed to implement this.
-
-Note: committing to the underlying repository is a way to bypass
-this check.
-
-Translating online
-------------------
-
-As PO is a wiki page type, we already have an online PO editor, that
-is ikiwiki's CGI.
-
-**FIXME** preview does not work for PO files.
-
-A message-by-message interface could also be implemented at some
-point; a nice way to do offline translation work (without VCS access)
-still has to be offered, though.
-
-Translating offline without VCS access
---------------------------------------
-
-The following workflow should be made possible for translators without
-VCS access who need to edit the PO files in another editor than a web
-browser:
-
-- download the page's PO file
-- use any PO editor to update the translation
-- upload the updated PO file
-
-Implementation note: a generic mechanism to upload a page's source is
-needed: it's only an alternative way to allow saving a the modified
-page's source with the CGI.
+BUGS
+====
-### Short-term workflow
+[[!inline pages="bugs/po:* and !bugs/done and !link(bugs/done) and !bugs/*/*"
+feeds=no actions=no archive=yes show=0]]
-A possible workaround is:
+TODO
+====
-- pretend to edit the PO file online
-- copy the PO file content from the textarea
-- cancel the edit
-- paste the content into a local file.
-- edit the local file in any PO editor
-- pretend to edit the PO file online
-- paste the modified local file's content into the edit textarea
-- save
+[[!inline pages="todo/po:* and !todo/done and !link(todo/done) and !todo/*/*"
+feeds=no actions=no archive=yes show=0]]
+
+broken links to translatable basewiki pages that lack po files
+--------------------------------------------------------------
+
+If a page is not translated yet, the "translated" version of it
+displays wikilinks to other, existing (but not yet translated?)
+pages as edit links, as if those pages do not exist.
+
+That's really confusing, especially as clicking such a link
+brings up an edit form to create a new, english page.
+
+This is with po_link_to=current or negotiated. With default, it doesn't
+happen..
+
+Also, this may only happen if the page being linked to is coming from an
+underlay, and the underlays lack translation to a given language.
+--[[Joey]]
+
+> Any simple testcase to reproduce it, please? I've never seen this
+> happen yet. --[[intrigeri]]
+
+>> Sure, go here <http://l10n.ikiwiki.info/smiley/smileys/index.sv.html>
+>> (Currently 0% translateed) and see the 'WikiLink' link at the bottom,
+>> which goes to <http://l10n.ikiwiki.info/ikiwiki.cgi?page=ikiwiki/wikilink&from=smiley/smileys&do=create>
+>> Compare with eg, the 100% translated Dansk version, where
+>> the WikiLink link links to the English WikiLink page. --[[Joey]]
+
+>>> Seems not related to the page/string translation status: the 0%
+>>> translated Spanish version has the correct link, just like the
+>>> Dansk version => I'm changing the bug title accordingly.
+>>>
+>>> I tested forcing the sv html page to be rebuilt by translating a
+>>> string in it, it did not fix the bug. I did the same for the
+>>> Spanish page, it did not introduce the bug. So this is really
+>>> weird.
+>>>
+>>> The smiley underlay seems to be the only place where the wrong
+>>> thing happens: the basewiki underlay has similar examples
+>>> that do not exhibit this bug. An underlay linking to another might
+>>> be necessary to reproduce it. Going to dig deeper. --[[intrigeri]]
+
+>>>> After a few hours lost in the Perl debugger, I think I have found
+>>>> the root cause of the problem: in l10n wiki's configured
+>>>> `underlaydir`, the basewiki is present in every slave language
+>>>> that is enabled for this wiki *but* Swedish. With such a
+>>>> configuration, the `ikiwiki/wikilink` page indeed does not exist
+>>>> in Swedish language: no `ikiwiki/wikilink.sv.po` can be found
+>>>> where ikiwiki is looking. Have a look to
+>>>> <http://l10n.ikiwiki.info/ikiwiki/>, the basewiki is not
+>>>> available in Swedish language on this wiki. So this is not a po
+>>>> bug, but a configuration or directories layout issue. This is
+>>>> solved by adding the Swedish basewiki to the underlay dir, which
+>>>> is I guess not a possibility in the l10n wiki context. I guess
+>>>> this could be solved by adding `SRCDIR/basewiki` as an underlay
+>>>> to your l10n wiki configuration, possibly using the
+>>>> `add_underlays` configuration directive. --[[intrigeri]]
+
+>>>>> There is no complete Swedish underlay translation yet, so it is not
+>>>>> shipped in ikiwiki. I don't think it's a misconfiguration to use
+>>>>> a language that doesn't have translated underlays. --[[Joey]]
+
+>>>>>> Ok. The problem is triggered when using a language that doesn't
+>>>>>> have translated underlays, *and* defining
+>>>>>> `po_translatable_pages` in a way that renders the base wiki
+>>>>>> pages translatable in po's view of things, which in turns makes
+>>>>>> the po plugin act as if the translation pages did exist,
+>>>>>> although they do not in this case. I still need to have a deep
+>>>>>> look at the underlays-related code you added to `po.pm` a while
+>>>>>> ago. Stay tuned. --[[intrigeri]]
+
+>>>>>>> Fixed in my po branch, along with other related small bugs that
+>>>>>>> happen in the very same situation only. --[[intrigeri]]