1 [[!template id=plugin name=po core=0 author="[[intrigeri]]"]]
4 This plugin adds support for multi-lingual wikis, translated with
5 gettext, using [po4a](http://po4a.alioth.debian.org/).
7 It depends on the Perl `Locale::Po4a::Po` library (`apt-get install po4a`).
12 A language is chosen as the "master" one, and any other supported
13 language is a "slave" one.
15 A page written in the "master" language is a "master" page. It can be
16 of any page type supported by ikiwiki, but PO. It does not have to be
17 named a special way: migration to this plugin does not imply any page
20 Example: `bla/page.mdwn` is a "master" Markdown page written in
21 English; if `usedirs` is enabled, it is rendered as
22 `bla/page/index.en.html`, else as `bla/page.en.html`.
24 Any translation of a "master" page into a "slave" language is called
25 a "slave" page; it is written in the gettext PO format. PO is now
26 a page type supported by ikiwiki.
28 Example: `bla/page.fr.po` is the PO "message catalog" used to
29 translate `bla/page.mdwn` into French; if `usedirs` is enabled, it is
30 rendered as `bla/page/index.fr.html`, else as `bla/page.fr.html`
39 `po_master_language` is used to set the "master" language in
40 `ikiwiki.setup`, such as:
42 po_master_language => { 'code' => 'en', 'name' => 'English' }
44 `po_slave_languages` is used to set the list of supported "slave"
47 po_slave_languages => { 'fr' => 'Français',
52 Decide which pages are translatable
53 -----------------------------------
55 The `po_translatable_pages` setting configures what pages are
56 translatable. It is a [[ikiwiki/PageSpec]], so you have lots of
57 control over what kind of pages are translatable.
59 The PO translations files are anyway not considered as being
60 translatable, so you don't need to worry about excluding them
61 explicitly from this [[ikiwiki/PageSpec]].
66 The `po_link_to` option in `ikiwiki.setup` is used to decide how
67 internal links should be generated, depending on web server features
68 and site-specific preferences.
70 ### Default linking behavior
72 If `po_link_to` is unset, or set to `default`, ikiwiki's default
73 linking behavior is preserved: `\[[destpage]]` links to the master
76 ### Link to current language
78 If `po_link_to` is set to `current`, `\[[destpage]]` links to the
79 `destpage`'s version written in the current page's language, if
82 - `foo/destpage/index.LL.html` if `usedirs` is enabled
83 - `foo/destpage.LL.html` if `usedirs` is disabled
85 ### Link to negotiated language
87 If `po_link_to` is set to `negotiated`, `\[[page]]` links to the
88 negotiated preferred language, *i.e.* `foo/page/`.
90 (In)compatibility notes:
92 - if `usedirs` is disabled, it does not make sense to set `po_link_to`
93 to `negotiated`; this option combination is neither implemented
95 - if the web server does not support Content Negotiation, setting
96 `po_link_to` to `negotiated` will produce a unusable website.
105 Using Apache `mod_negotiation` makes it really easy to have Apache
106 serve any page in the client's preferred language, if available.
107 This is the default Debian Apache configuration.
109 When `usedirs` is enabled, one has to set `DirectoryIndex index` for
112 Setting `DefaultLanguage LL` (replace `LL` with your default MIME
113 language code) for the wiki context can help to ensure
114 `bla/page/index.en.html` is served as `Content-Language: LL`.
119 lighttpd unfortunately does not support content negotiation.
121 **FIXME**: does `mod_magnet` provide the functionality needed to
131 The `ISTRANSLATION` and `ISTRANSLATABLE` variables can be used to
132 display things only on translatable or translation pages.
134 ### Display page's versions in other languages
136 The `OTHERLANGUAGES` loop provides ways to display other languages'
137 versions of the same page, and the translations' status.
139 One typically adds the following code to `templates/page.tmpl`:
141 <TMPL_IF NAME="OTHERLANGUAGES">
142 <div id="otherlanguages">
144 <TMPL_LOOP NAME="OTHERLANGUAGES">
146 <a href="<TMPL_VAR NAME="URL">"><TMPL_VAR NAME="LANGUAGE"></a>
147 <TMPL_UNLESS NAME="MASTER">
148 (<TMPL_VAR NAME="PERCENT"> %)
156 The following variables are available inside the loop (for every page in):
158 - `URL` - url to the page
159 - `CODE` - two-letters language code
160 - `LANGUAGE` - language name (as defined in `po_slave_languages`)
161 - `MASTER` - is true (1) if, and only if the page is a "master" page
162 - `PERCENT` - for "slave" pages, is set to the translation completeness, in percents
164 ### Display the current translation status
166 The `PERCENTTRANSLATED` variable is set to the translation
167 completeness, expressed in percent, on "slave" pages.
169 One can use it this way:
171 <TMPL_IF NAME="ISTRANSLATION">
172 <div id="percenttranslated">
173 <TMPL_VAR NAME="PERCENTTRANSLATED">
177 Additional PageSpec tests
178 -------------------------
180 This plugin enhances the regular [[ikiwiki/PageSpec]] syntax with some
181 additional tests that are documented [[here|ikiwiki/pagespec/po]].
183 Automatic PO files update
184 -------------------------
186 Committing changes to a "master" page:
188 1. updates the POT file and the PO files for the supported languages
189 (this is done in the `needsbuild` hook); the updated PO files are
190 then put under version control
191 2. triggers a refresh of the corresponding HTML slave pages (this is
192 achieved by making any "slave" page dependent on the corresponding
193 "master" page, in the `needsbuild` hook)
195 Also, when the plugin has just been enabled, or when a page has just
196 been declared as being translatable, the needed POT and PO files are
197 created, and the PO files are checked into version control.
202 Discussion should happen in the language in which the pages are written for
203 real, *i.e.* the "master" one. If discussion pages are enabled, "slave" pages
204 therefore link to the "master" page's discussion page.
209 OTHERLANGUAGES dependencies
210 ---------------------------
212 Pages using `OTHERLANGUAGES` depend on any "master" and "slave" pages
213 whose status is being displayed. It is supposed to trigger dependency
214 loops, but no practical bugs were noticed yet.
216 Should pages using the `OTHERLANGUAGES` template loop be declared as
217 linking to the same page in other versions? To be rigorous, they
218 should, but this may clutter the backlinks.
223 - `refreshpofiles` uses `system()`, whose args have to be checked more
224 thoroughly to prevent any security issue (command injection, etc.).
225 - `refreshpofiles` and `refreshpot` create new files; this may need
226 some checks, e.g. using `IkiWiki::prep_writefile()`
228 gettext/po4a rough corners
229 --------------------------
231 - fix infinite loop when synchronizing two ikiwiki (when checkouts
232 live in different directories): say bla.fr.po has been updated in
233 repo2; pulling repo2 from repo1 seems to trigger a PO update, that
234 changes bla.fr.po in repo1; then pushing repo1 to repo2 triggers
235 a PO update, that changes bla.fr.po in repo2; etc.; fixed in
236 `629968fc89bced6727981c0a1138072631751fee`?
237 - new translations created in the web interface must get proper charset/encoding
238 gettext metadata, else the next automatic PO update removes any non-ascii
239 chars; possible solution: put such metadata into the Pot file, and let it
240 propagate; should be fixed in `773de05a7a1ee68d2bed173367cf5e716884945a`, time
246 ### automatic POT/PO update
248 Use the `change` hook instead of `needsbuild`?
252 Use nice page titles from meta plugin in links, as inline already does.
256 Which configuration settings are safe enough for websetup?
260 When the wiki home page is translatable, the parentlinks plugin sets
261 `./index.html` as its translations' single parent link. Ideally, the home page's
262 translations should get no parent link at all, just like the version written in
267 If a given translatable `sourcepage.mdwn` links to \[[destpage]],
268 `sourcepage.LL.po` also link to \[[destpage]], and the latter has the master
269 page *and* all its translations listed in the backlinks.
271 Translation quality assurance
272 -----------------------------
274 Modifying a PO file via the CGI must be forbidden if the new version
275 is not a valid PO file. As a bonus, check that it provides a more
276 complete translation than the existing one.
278 A new `cansave` type of hook would be needed to implement this.
280 Note: committing to the underlying repository is a way to bypass
286 As PO is a wiki page type, we already have an online PO editor, that
289 **FIXME** preview does not work for PO files.
291 A message-by-message interface could also be implemented at some
292 point; a nice way to do offline translation work (without VCS access)
293 still has to be offered, though.
295 Translating offline without VCS access
296 --------------------------------------
298 The following workflow should be made possible for translators without
299 VCS access who need to edit the PO files in another editor than a web
302 - download the page's PO file
303 - use any PO editor to update the translation
304 - upload the updated PO file
306 Implementation note: a generic mechanism to upload a page's source is
307 needed: it's only an alternative way to allow saving a the modified
308 page's source with the CGI.
310 ### Short-term workflow
312 A possible workaround is:
314 - pretend to edit the PO file online
315 - copy the PO file content from the textarea
317 - paste the content into a local file.
318 - edit the local file in any PO editor
319 - pretend to edit the PO file online
320 - paste the modified local file's content into the edit textarea