library(sf)
library(dplyr)
library(ggplot2)
library(maptiles)
library(tidyterra)
library(viridis)
library(httr2)

## Obtain the shapefile from WA opendata (SLIP)
tempdirSHP <- tempdir()
tempfileSHP <- tempfile()
req <- request("https://sso.slip.wa.gov.au/as/token.oauth2") |>
    req_headers("Authorization" = "Basic ZGlyZWN0LWRvd25sb2Fk") |>
    req_body_form(grant_type = "password",
                  # SLIP username and password stored in
                  # pass - the standard unix password manager
                  username = system2("pass", args = "slip.wa.gov.au | grep Username | sed -e 's/Username: //'", stdout = TRUE),
                  password = system2("pass", args = "slip.wa.gov.au | head -1", stdout = TRUE))

tokenResponse <- req_perform(req)

slipUrl <-  "https://direct-download.slip.wa.gov.au/datadownload/Education/Current_Active_Schools_Sem_1_2022_Public_DET_020_WA_GDA94_Public_Shapefile.zip"

req <- request(slipUrl) |>
    req_headers( 'Authorization' = paste0('Bearer ',resp_body_json(tokenResponse)$access_token))

responseSlip <- req_perform(req)
writeBin(resp_body_raw(responseSlip), con = tempfileSHP)
unzip(tempfileSHP, exdir = tempdirSHP)
shape.df <- st_read(dsn = tempdirSHP)
shape.df$latitude <- as.numeric(shape.df$latitude)
shape.df$longitude <- as.numeric(shape.df$longitude)
shape.df$totalschoo <- as.numeric(shape.df$totalschoo)
shape.df$totalsecon <- as.numeric(shape.df$totalsecon)

# filter out remote islands
shape.df <- filter(shape.df,longitude > 100)
# Obtain the contour box of the shape
lat <- c(min(shape.df$latitude), max(shape.df$latitude))
lon <- c(min(shape.df$longitude), max(shape.df$longitude))
# Define Perth metro contours
lat.metro <- c(-32.1547, -31.8519)
lon.metro <- c(115.7162,116.0733)
# Obtain an openstreetmap background image
sfg_WA <- st_polygon(list(rbind(c(lon[1],lat[1]),
                                   c(lon[2],lat[1]),
                                   c(lon[2],lat[2]),
                                   c(lon[1],lat[2]),
                                   c(lon[1],lat[1])
                                   )))
WATiles <- get_tiles(st_transform(st_sfc(sfg_WA, crs = 4326), 3857), provider = "Stadia.Stamen.TonerLite", crop = TRUE, zoom = 6)

ggplot() +
  geom_spatraster_rgb(data = WATiles) +
  geom_sf(data = shape.df, 
             aes(color = totalschoo),
             show.legend = TRUE) +
  scale_color_viridis(option="viridis",
                      name = "Number\nof pupils") +
  theme(legend.position = "right",
        axis.text = element_blank(),
        axis.ticks = element_blank()) +
  labs(title = "Western Australian schools",
       caption = "Map tiles by Stamen Design, under CC BY 3.0.\nMapdata by OpenStreetMap, under ODbL.
       School data © Government of WA 2022.\n Dep. of Education & Training.",
       x="",
       y="")


# Zooming in on Perth metro
shape.metro.df <- filter(shape.df, abs(latitude) <= max(abs(lat.metro)),
                         abs(latitude) >= min(abs(lat.metro)),
                         abs(longitude) <= max(abs(lon.metro)),
                         abs(longitude) >= min(abs(lon.metro)))
sfg_metro <- st_polygon(list(rbind(c(lon.metro[1],lat.metro[1]),
                                   c(lon.metro[2],lat.metro[1]),
                                   c(lon.metro[2],lat.metro[2]),
                                   c(lon.metro[1],lat.metro[2]),
                                   c(lon.metro[1],lat.metro[1])
                                   )))
metroTiles <- get_tiles(st_transform(st_sfc(sfg_metro, crs = 4326), 3857), provider = "CartoDB.PositronNoLabels", crop = TRUE, zoom = 11)
# Let's look at secondary school only
# 95th percentile of school size
secon95th <- quantile(shape.metro.df[,"totalsecon">0]$totalsecon,probs = .95)
ggplot() +
    geom_spatraster_rgb(data = metroTiles) +
    geom_sf(data = filter(shape.metro.df, totalsecon > 0),
            aes(color = totalsecon,
                size = totalsecon)
            ) +
    geom_sf_text(data = filter(shape.metro.df, totalsecon > secon95th), # name top 5% schools
                 aes(x = longitude,
                     y = latitude,
                     label = schoolname),
                 size = 2) +
    scale_color_viridis(option="cividis",
                        name = "Number\nof pupils") +
    guides(size = 'none') + # Do not show legend for size, as color is the main key
    theme_minimal() +
    theme(legend.position = "right",
          panel.grid.major = element_line(colour = "white"),
          axis.ticks = element_blank()) +
    labs(title = "Western Australian secondary schools",
         subtitle = "Perth metro area",
         caption = "Map tiles © CARTO. Mapdata by OpenStreetMap, under ODbL.\nSchool data © Government of WA, Dep. of Education & Training.",
       x="",
       y="")

ggsave("WA_schools.png", units = "cm", width = 15, height = 15, dpi = 300, bg = "white", scale = 1.5)